Heart failure(HF)is a global public health problem,among which acute decompensated heart failure(ADHF),as the acute exacerbation stage of HF,is one of the main causes of cardiogenic death.Due to the limitations of the existing treatment methods and relevant unsatisfied result,new treatment strategies need to be explored.Blood ultrafiltration,as a possible treatment method,has special potential in the application on its theoretical basis and mechanism in the treatment of ADHF.Although the existing research provide preliminary evidence to support the effectiveness and safety of blood ultrafiltration,its application in the treatment of ADHF still faces some challenges,including technical limitations and inconsistent treatment outcomes.Further large-scale clinical trials and in-depth mechanistic studies are needed to validate these results.This article aims to review the research progress of blood ultrafiltration in the treatment of ADHF.