摘要
目的 了解实施“农村义务教育学生营养改善计划”地区寄宿生的膳食行为与营养状况,为“计划”更有效地实施提供科学依据.方法 从实施“计划”的50个重点监测县的每个县中,按照学校食堂供餐、企业(单位)供餐和家庭(个人)托餐等3种供餐模式,各随机整群抽取2所小学和2所初中,然后从抽取的每个学校的小学三年级到初中三年级中随机抽取1～2个班.按照统一的标准方法测量身高、体重,以氰化高铁法测定血红蛋白,采用自填“学生营养改善计划学校学生基本情况与膳食行为调查表”收集学生就餐信息.结果 寄宿生每天不吃早饭的比例低于走读生(33.9％,37.7％,x2 =243.8,P＜0.0l),每天就餐不足三餐的比例低于走读生(8.7％,11.8％,x2=66.7,P＜0.01).寄宿生每天上午三、四节课感到饥饿的比例低于走读生(16.2％,16.9％,x2=102.9,P＜0.01).寄宿生BMI Z评分(Z-scores for Body MassIndex)低于走读生(-0.30±1.10,-0.15±1.14,t =280.5,P＜0.0l),超重/肥胖率低于走读生(8.0％,10.9％),差异均有统计学意义(x2=23.5,P＜0.01).结论 在“计划”实施地区,寄宿生就餐状况有所改善,但营养状况仍略差于走读生.
Abstract
Objective To evaluate eating habits and nutritional status among boarding students in Nutrition Improvement Programme for Rural Compulsory Education Students (NIPRCES) and to provide scientific basis for program improvement.Methotis Two primary schools and 2 junior middle schools were selected randomly by three food supply modes (school-,company-and family-based).One or two classes were selected from grade 3 to grade 9 in primary and middle school.Height,weight and hemoglobin were measured according tothe standard methods.Background information was collected through questionnaire survey.Resuits The rate of having breakfast was higher in boarding students than non-boarding students(66.1％ v.s.62.3％,P＜0.01).Proportion of eating less than three meals daily was lower than non-boarding students (8.7％ v.s.11.8％,x2 =66.7,P＜0.01).BMI Z scores of boarding students was lower than that of non-boarding students (-0.30± 1.10 v.s.-0.15± 1.14,P＜0.01),and the prevale.nce of overweight and obesity was lower (8.0％ v.s.10.9％,x2 =23.5,P＜0.01).Conclusion In the NIPRCES area,nutritional status among boarding students should be further improved despite the current promising results.
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据