摘要
目的 探讨青春期流动儿童早年与父母分离经历对心理行为的影响,为流动儿童家庭教育提供依据.方法 采用随机整群抽样方法,选取珠三角地区5个地级市各1所农民工子弟学校六～八年级的1 602名学生(分离组儿童821名,非分离组儿童781名)作为研究对象,采用自编问卷、安全感量表(SQ)、长处和困难问卷(SDQ,儿童版)进行测量.结果 分离组在情绪症状、品行因子、多动因子得分和困难总分大于非分离组(t值分别为6.440,1.986,4.939,5.676,P值均＜0.05),分离组与非分离组在同伴关系和亲社会行为2个因子得分上差异均无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05),分离组在人际安全感、确定控制感因子得分和安全感总分上低于非分离组(t值分别为-4.908,-4.421,-4.862,P值均＜0.01).多重线性回归显示,安全感是分离组儿童情绪症状、品行因子、多动因子、同伴关系、困难总分的消极影响因素,是亲社会行为的积极影响因素;与父母均分离是分离组儿童情绪症状、品行因子、多动因子、困难总分的消极影响因素;与母亲分离、同辈监护是分离组儿童多动因子的积极影响因素;母亲监护是分离组儿童多动因子、困难总分的消极影响因素;年龄是分离组儿童同伴关系问题的消极影响因素(P值均＜0.05).结论 早年与父母分离经历对青春期流动儿童情绪、品行、安全感造成影响.改善有留守经历流动儿童的家庭教育和环境,帮助其建立安全感,可促进心理行为的健康发展.
Abstract
Objective To explore the affects of left-behind experience upon migrant adolescent's emotion and behaviour.Methods 821 migrant adolescents with the experience of left-behind were classified to the research group(RG),781 migrant adolescents without the experience of left-behind were classified to the control group (CT).All of them were asked to complete the a self-made questionnaires,Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ),Security Questionnaire(SQ).Results The RT group showed a significantly higher scores on the emotional symptoms,behavioral problems,hyperactivity and total score than the CT group(t =6.440,1.986,4.939,5.676,P＜0.05).The CT group and the RT group showed no significant differences on the peer relationship problems and prosocial behaviors scores(P＞0.05).The RT group showed a significantly lower scores on the two SQ subscales and the total score than the CT group(t=-4.908,-4.421,-4.862,P＜0.01).As analyzed by multiple linear regression,for the RT group,the sense of security was positive influences of prosocial behaviors and negative influences of emotional symptoms,behavioral problems,hyperactivity,peer relationship problems,total scores of SDQ.Being separated from their parents was negative influences of emotional symptoms,behavioral problems,hyperactivity,total scores of SDQ of the RT group.Being separated from their mothers and Peer monitoring were positive influences of the RT's hyperactivity.Maternal monitoring was negative influences of the RT's hyperactivity and total scores of SDQ.Conclusion The experience of left-behind had adverse impact over migrant adolescents' emotion,behavior,hyperactivity and sense of security.For the RT group,being separated from their parents,being separated from their mothers,peer monitoring,maternal monitoring and sense of security are the influencing factors.
基金项目
美国中华医学基金会项目(12-111)
农村流动儿童融入社会适用性发展研究项目(51000-71020185)
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据