摘要
目的 探究早餐对大学生视空间工作记忆、反应时及脑力工作能力的影响,为高校学生早餐营养教育提供依据.方法 以广州市某医学院校69名大学生志愿者为研究对象,随机分为实验组(不吃早餐,32名)和对照组(吃早餐,37名),用Corsi积木点击测验的变式设计测试视空间工作记忆;用E-Prime 2.0反应时测定软件测定反应时;用剂量作业试验测定脑力工作能力.分别于上午8:30和11:00进行前后2次测试.结果 视空间工作记忆、反应时2次组间比较,对照组成绩均比实验组好,但差异均无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05).自身前后测试比较显示,两组视空间工作记忆第2次成绩均比第1次好(t值分别为-2.67,-2.77,P值均＜0.05),但反应时2组前后差异均无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05);脑力工作能力2次组间比较显示,阅字速度、脑力工作能力指数差异均无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05),而2次测试实验组脑力工作能力测试的错误率均小于对照组(x2值分别为40.406,7.359,P值均＜0.01).两组自身对照结果均为第2次错误率高于第1次,而阅字速度、脑力工作能力指数均为第2次优于第1次,且3项指标差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05).结论 在饥饿状态下,视空间工作记忆、反应时及脑力工作能力均受到影响,但因练习效应干扰等原因,仍不能确定早餐对这些指标的影响程度.
Abstract
Objective To explore the effect of breakfast on visuo-spatial working memory,reaction time and mental work capacity and to provide science reference for nutrition education of undergraduate students.Methods 69 undergraduate students of a university were randomly assigned to test group (skipping breakfast) and control group (normal breakfast).Visuo-spatial working memory,reaction time and mental work capacity were measured twice with the Corsi block-tapping task,E-Prime 2.0 and dosework test respectively.Statistical analysis includes t test and chi-square test.Results There was a slight increase in visuo-spatial working memory and reaction time,when control group contrast with test group,but no significant differences were found (P ＞ 0.05),the results of self-control showed that there was statistical significance in visuo-spatial working memory (P＜0.05),except in the reaction time(P＞0.05).Statistically differences were not found in scores of both reading speed and Index of mental capacity between the control and test group(P＞0.05),while the error rate of control group was statistically higher than test group(P＜0.01).The second error rate,reading speed and Index of mental capacity were all statistically higher than the first time (P＜0.05).Conclusion It seems that visuo-spatial working memory,reaction time and mental work capacity are influenced by starvation.The overall performance of control group is tended to be better than the test group.Whereas the role of breakfast is not clear maybe due to some confounding factors.
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据