摘要
目的 了解宜兴市中学生自杀意念现状并探讨其影响因素,为早期针对性地干预青少年自杀意念提供科学指导.方法 2019年3-5月,采用分层整群随机抽样法对江苏宜兴3所初中和4所高中的12 799名学生进行问卷调查.使用潜在剖面分析对中学生自杀意念进行分类,并采用x2检验比较自杀意念潜在类别在不同特征中学生组间差异,采用多元Logistic回归进行影响因素分析,构建列线图预测模型并验证.结果 中学生自杀意念程度分为无或轻、中、重3类,其中中度自杀意念3 034名(23.7％)、重度753名(5.9％).多元Logistic回归分析结果显示,性别为女生、学习成绩中等偏下、吸烟、饮酒、受同学欢迎程度(较不受欢迎和不受欢迎)、家庭成员关系(一般/偶有矛盾/矛盾很大)、对周围人信任程度(比较信任/不太信任/根本不信任)、恋爱过或正在恋爱、身体欺凌、关系欺凌、言语欺凌和性欺凌的中学生重度自杀意念发生风险更高(OR值分别为 3.27;2.18;1.63;1.72;2.66,6.05;3.00,3.29,6.38;1.71,6.04,12.48;2.50;1.59;2.16;1.45;1.63,P值均＜0.05).列线图模型显示区分度较好.结论 中学生自杀意念受多种因素共同影响,家庭与同伴情况、遭受欺凌等均与自杀意念程度有关.建议从改善学生的家庭与人际关系、控制欺凌等方面入手,减少学生自杀意念.
Abstract
Objective To understand current situation epidemiology and associated factors of suicidal ideation among high school students in Yixing,so as to provide basis for targeted intervention.Methods From March to May 2019,a questionnaire survey was conducted on 12 799 students from 3 junior high schools and 4 senior high schools in Yixing City,Jiangsu Province,u-sing a stratified cluster random sampling method.Latent profile analysis was used to classify suicidal ideation among high school students,the chi-square test was used to compare the differences in suicidal ideation among different characteristics of students,multiple Logistic regression was used to analyze influencing factors,a risk predictive nomogram model was constructed and then ver-ified.Results Three latent classes of suicidal ideation among high school students was divided into three categories were observed:none or mild,moderate,and severe.Among them,3 034(23.7％)had moderate suicidal ideation and 753(5.9％)had severe sui-cidal ideation.The Logistic regression results showed that gender was female,academic performance was lower mid-range,smok-ing,drinking,popularity with classmates(less popular and unpopularity),family member relationships(general/occasional contra-dictions/contradictions),trust in others(more trusted/less trusted/less trusted at all),past or current relationships,physical bull-ying,relationship bullying,verbal bullying,and sexual bullying were the influencing factors for severe suicidal ideation among students(OR=3.27;2.18;1.63;1.72;2.66,6.05;3.00,3.29,6.38;1.71,6.04,12.48;2.50;1.59;2.16;1.45;1.63,P＜0.05).The nomogram prediction model had good discrimination.Conclusions Suicide ideation is influenced by multiple factors.Family and peer situations,as well as being bullied,are all related to the degree the severity of suicidal ideation.Efforts can be made to improve students'family and interpersonal relationships,control bullying,then reduce their suicidal ideation which might help pre-vent suicide ideation among students.
基金项目
江苏省重点研发计划(社会发展专项)项目(BE2021617)
江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX21_0085)
江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX22_0074)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据