24 h活动行为对幼儿基本运动技能的影响
Impact of 24 h movement behaviors on fundamental motor skills in preschool children
石晓峰 1刘瑞祥1
作者信息
摘要
目的 探究24 h活动行为(身体活动、睡眠和屏幕时间)与幼儿基本运动技能(FMS)之间的关系,为保证儿童动作技能的长期发展提供参考和依据.方法 于2022年3月,采用方便抽样和分层整群随机抽样相结合的方法从太原市6个城区中6所幼儿园抽取607名3～5岁幼儿作为研究对象,进行基线测试收集幼儿24 h活动行为和FMS数据;于2023年3月进行1年后的随访测试,收集幼儿FMS数据.采用第3版基本动作技能测试(TGMD-3)测量幼儿FMS水平;采用Ac-tiGraph GT3X+加速度计测量幼儿的身体活动和睡眠时间,由家长报告屏幕时间.采用皮尔逊相关性分析、分层回归分析和二元Logistic回归分析24 h活动行为对幼儿FMS的影响.结果 基线结果显示,基线身体活动总量(TPA)与基线操控技能、移动技能和TGMD-3总分均呈正相关(β值分别为0.40,3.87,4.27,P值均＜0.01).1年后随访结果显示,基线低强度身体活动(LPA)和屏幕时间与1年后的TGMD-3总分增加均呈负相关(β值分别为-1.93,-0.79);基线中高强度身体活动(MVPA)、TPA和睡眠时间与1年后的TGMD-3总分增加均呈正相关(β值分别为4.62,4.51,3.19)(P值均＜0.01).1年后随访结果显示,与不满足任何1项24 h活动行为指南相比,满足任意2项和3项指南的幼儿动作技能合格率均升高(OR值分别为2.31,3.32,P值均＜0.01).结论 MVPA和充足的睡眠可对幼儿1年后的FMS提高产生积极影响,而LPA与较长的屏幕时间对幼儿1年后的FMS提高产生消极影响.学校和家庭应保证幼儿满足24 h活动行为指南推荐标准,促进其FMS的长期发展.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the association between 24 h movement behaviors(physical activity,sleep,and screen time)and fundamental motor skills(FMS)in preschool children,in order to provide the reference and basis for ensuring the long-term development of children's motor skills.Methods A total of 607 children aged 3 to 5 years old were selected from 6 kindergar-tens of 6 urban districts in Taiyuan in March 2022,through a combination of convenient sampling and stratified cluster random sam-pling method,and the baseline test was conducted to collect data on the children's 24 h movement behaviors and FMS;the follow-up test after one year was carried out in March 2023 to collect FMS data.The test of gross motor development-3rd was used to as-sess the children's FMS levels.Physical activity and sleep duration were measured using ActiGraph GT3X+accelerometers,while screen time was reported by parents.Pearson correlation analysis,hierarchial and binary Logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the association of 24 h movement behavior with FMS.Results The results of baseline showed that total of physical activity(TPA)at baseline was positively associated with manipulation skills,mobility skills and total score of TGMD-3(β=0.40,3.87,4.27,P＜0.01).The follow-up results after one year indicated that low-intensity physical activity(LPA)and screen time at baseline were negatively associated with increased TGMD-3 scores one year later(β=-1.93,-0.79,P＜0.01).Conversely,baseline mod-erate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity(MVPA),TPA and sleep duration were positively associated with increased TGMD-3 scores after one year(β=4.62,4.51,3.19,P＜0.01).The follow-up results showed that meeting 2 or 3 items of the 24 h movement behavior guidelines was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of achieving motor skill proficiency(OR=2.31,3.32,P＜0.01)compared to not meeting any 24 h movement behavior guideline after one year.Conclusions MVPA and enough sleep could positively affect FMS improvement,whereas LPA and long screen time could negatively affect FMS improvement at one year follow-up.Schools and families should ensure that preschool children meet the recommended standards of the 24 h movement behav-ioral guidelines to promote long-term development of FMS.
关键词
运动活动/运动技能/生长和发育/回归分析/儿童,学龄前Key words
Motor activity/Motor skills/Growth and development/Regression analysis/Child,preschool引用本文复制引用
基金项目
山西省"1331工程"重点创新团队建设计划项目(1331K1RT)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据