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学校食堂餐饮食品加工过程致病性微生物监测结果

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目的 了解学校食堂餐饮食品加工过程中致病性微生物污染的风险点,为预防校园食品安全事件的发生提供参考。方法 于2023年3月,采用方便抽样方法抽取河南省郑州市10所学校食堂为研究对象,采集学校食堂在餐饮食品加工过程中原料贮存设备、制作工具、工作人员手部、基础设施、用餐器具等共300份样品,利用基于等温多自配引发扩增技术(IMSA)建立的食源性致病菌快速检测方法分析可能存在的致病性微生物污染的风险。采用Fisher确切概率法进行统计学分析。结果 300份样品中,共有5份样品检出了包括金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌在内的3种致病性微生物,主要分布在食品制作过程的工具如砧板、操作台、刀具以及工作人员的手部,而用餐器具、原料贮存设备及食堂基础设施均未检出致病性微生物。IMSA快速检测方法和国标方法对金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌的检验结果差异无统计学意义(P>0。05)。与国标方法相比,IMSA快检系统检测致病性微生物的阳性符合率为83。3%(5/6),阴性符合率为100%(294份),整体一致性为99。7%。结论 利用IMSA技术建立的致病性微生物快速检测方法,可精准识别出学校食堂餐饮食品加工过程中致病性微生物污染的风险点主要为食品制作过程的工具如砧板、操作台、刀具以及工作人员的手部。应提高校园食品安全监管的质量和效率,预防校园食品安全事件的发生。
Pathogenic microorganism monitoring in the food processing of school canteens
Objective To analyze the key control points of pathogenic microbial contamination during the food processing of school canteens,so as to provide a basis for effectively preventing the occurrence of campus food safety incidents.Methods In March 2023,10 school canteens from Zhengzhou City,Henan Province were selected by convenient sampling method.A total of 300 samples were collected from the storage equipment of raw materials,production tools,staff hands,infrastructure,dining uten-sils and other facilities in the school canteens during the food processing process.The rapid detection method of foodborne pathogens based on isothermal multiple self-matching-initiated amplification(IMSA)technology was used to analyze the possible risk of patho-genic microorganism contamination.Fisher exact probability method was applied for the statistical analysis.Results Among the 300 samples collected,pathogenic microorganisms including Staphylococcus aureus,Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes were detec-ted in 5 samples,distributed in the food preparation utensils such as cutting boards,operating tables,knives and staff hands,while no pathogenic microorganisms were detected in dining utensils,raw material storage equipment and canteen infrastructure.There was no statistically significant difference between the IMSA rapid detection method and the national standard method for testing Staphylo-coccus aureus,Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes(P>0.05).Compared to international method,the positive coincidence of pathogenic microorganism detected by IMSA rapid inspection system was 83.3%(5/6),the negative coincidence was 100%(n=294),and the overall consistency rate was 99.7%.Conclusions The key control points of pathogenic microbial contamination in the food processing process of school canteens mainly are the utensils in the food production process,such as cutting boards,oper-ating tables,knives and staff hands in the food processing process of the school canteen,which could be accurately identified by the rapid detection method of pathogenic microorganism established based on IMSA technology.The quality and efficiency campus food safety supervision should be promoted to prevent the food safety events in school canteen.

Food handlingFood microbiologyFood contaminationMonitoringStudent health services

牛会敏、焦强、李若菡、刘智勇

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河南省食品和盐业检验技术研究院/国家市场监管重点实验室(食品安全快速检测与智慧监管技术),郑州 450003

食品处理和加工 食品微生物学 食品污染 监测 学生保健服务

2021年度国家市场监督管理总局科技计划项目

2021MK065

2024

中国学校卫生
中华预防医学会

中国学校卫生

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:1.423
ISSN:1000-9817
年,卷(期):2024.45(6)