Objective To analyze high myopia and dioptre changes in middle school students in Beijing from 2019 to 2022,so as to provide a basis for formulating preventive and control measures.Methods Using stratified cluster random sampling,16 dis-tricts of Beijing were divided into four groups,each of which was respectively composed of 83,83,84,and 84 middle schools,in order to examine non-cycloplegic auto-refraction among the senior grades 1 to 3 students from September to October in each year(from 2019 to 2022).Finally,the dataset results of each of the four groups(21 589,21 161,21 561,21 123)were compared by the Chi-square test and trend Chi-square test.Trend changes were evaluated by annual percentage change(APC).Results The rates of high myopia were higher in female students than in males from 2019 to 2022(15.60％,14.59％;15.33％,14.44％;14.65％,14.17％;14.63％,13.84％),and the difference in 2019 was statistically significant(x2=4.93,P＜0.05).The rates of high myopia in middle school students in urban areas were significantly higher than those in rural areas(16.45％,13.78％;16.81％,13.00％;15.84％,13.06％;15.85％,12.72％),and the differences were statistically significant(x2=30.18,60.43,33.92,42.23,P＜0.05).With the increase of grade,the rates of high myopia increased(x2rend=674.56,608.38,655.21,676.89,P＜0.05),with junior grade 3 students being the most robust.The rate of high myopia in middle school students from 2019 to 2022 decreased from 15.09 to 14.22％,with an average annual rate of 2.08％(APC=-2.08,t=-7.99,P＜0.05).The refractive error of high myopia middle school students in 2019 and 2022 were-7.44(-10.25,-6.00)and-7.38(-10.00,-6.00)D,respectively,with no statistically significant difference(H=4.30,P＞0.05).Conclusions The rate of high myopia in middle school students in Beijing shows a decreasing trend,but it remains at a high level.It is necessary to classify the prevention and control strategy,and standardize the measures in order to manage early onset,high incidence rates,and severe myopia.
MyopiaRefraction,ocularPrevalenceAnnual percent of changeStudents
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