目的 应用眼动技术测量孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童青少年对情绪面孔的注视时间，为ASD的诊断及干预提供潜在的客观指标。方法 以PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据为检索数据库，检索时间为建库至2024年4月1日，根据检索策略，检索3～18岁儿童青少年ASD的情绪面孔相关病例-对照研究，采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表(NOS)评估文献质量，使用State 17。0软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入18篇文献，研究样本包括ASD组361例，对照组413例，NOS评分均≥6分，研究质量较高。与对照组相比，ASD组对某些情绪面孔的注视时间更短(P值均＜0。01)，包括自制情绪面孔及同人种情绪面孔范式下高兴面孔的注视时间(SMD 值分别为-1。05，-1。16)，国内文献条件下中性面孔的注视时间(SMD=-1。00)，临床诊断标准下生气面孔(SMD=-1。73)和悲伤面孔的注视时间(SMD=-1。29)及中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第3版(CCMD-Ⅲ)标准下恐惧面孔的注视时间(SMD=-1。51)。结论 ASD儿童青少年对某些情绪面孔的眼动指标存在异常，提示这些眼动指标可能是ASD诊断的预警指标。
Systematic evaluation of eye tracking characteristics of emotional face in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder/L
Objective To apply eye-tracking technology to measure the fixation duration of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)towards emotional faces,so as to provide potential objective indicators for the diagnosis and intervention of ASD.Methods Case-control studies related to emotional faces in ASD children and adolescents aged 3-18 years were searched in PubMed,Web of Science,CNKI and Wanfang,with a search period spanning from the inception of the databases to April 1,2024.The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale(NOS)was employed to assess the quality of the retrieved articles,and a Meta-analysis was conducted by Stata 17.0 software.Results A total of 18 articles were included,encompassing 361 participants in the ASD group and 413 in the control group.All studies scored≥6 on the NOS,indicating high research quality.Compared to the control group,the ASD group demonstrated significantly shorter fixation duration(P＜0.01)towards specific emotional faces,including happy faces under the paradigm of self-made and same-ethnicity emotional faces(SMD=-1.05,-1.16),neutral faces in domestic literature(SMD=-1.00),angry and sad faces under clinical diagnosis criteria(SMD=-1.73,-1.29),and fearful faces under Chinese Classification and Diagnostic Criteria of Mental Disorders,Version 3(CCMD-Ⅲ)(SMD=-1.51).Conclusion Children and adolescents with ASD exhibit abnormal eye-tracking indicators towards certain emotional faces,which may serve as early warning indicators for the diagnosis of ASD.
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