摘要
目的 研究预防接种水痘减毒活疫苗的有效性.方法 对贾汪区2018年8月-2019年10月300例预防保健的儿童的随访资料进行分析,按照是否预防接种水痘减毒活疫苗进行分组,接种组和未接种组各150例.比较2组3年内水痘接种保护率、水痘发生情况及病程情况.结果 接种组水痘接种保护率96.67％高于未接种组(67.33％),差异有统计学意义(x2=43.722,P＜0.001);和未接种组比,接种组水疱数量为(35.32±1.39)个、出疹时间为(3.34±1.02)d、脱痂时间为(5.20±1.19)d,均低于未接种组(66.49±1.12)个、(7.41±1.26)d、(12.41±2.18)d,差异有统计学意义(t=58.085、6.973、7.243,P均＜0.001);接种组病程为(1.51±0.44)d、疗程为(5.00±1.37)d,均低于未接种组的(4.81±0.70)d、(11.32±2.59)d,差异有统计学意义(t=10.284、5.348,P均＜0.001).结论 预防接种水痘减毒活疫苗3年内水痘接种保护率高,减轻水痘临床症状,还能缩短病程与疗程.
Abstract
Objective To study the effectiveness of vaccinating live attenuated varicella vaccine.Methods The follow-up data of 300 children with preventive health care in Jiawang District from August 2018 to October 2019 were analyzed,and the children were divided into two groups according to whether they were vaccinated with live attenuated vari-cella vaccine,with 150 cases in a vaccinated group and 150 cases in an unvaccinated group.The protection rate of varicella vaccination,the occurrence,and course of varicella within 3 years were compared between the two groups.Results The protection rate of varicella vaccination in the inoculated group was 96.67％higher than that in the unvaccinated group(67.33％),and the difference was statistically significant(x2=43.722,P＜0.001).Compared with the unvaccinated group,the average number of blisters in the inoculated group was(35.32±1.39),the time of rash onset was(3.34±1.02)d,and the time of scab removal was(5.20±1.19)d,which were lower than those in the unvaccinated group:(66.49±1.12),(7.41±1.26)d,and(12.41±2.18)d,respectively,and the differences were statistically significant(t=58.085,6.973,7.243,all P＜0.001).The duration of the disease in the inoculated group was(1.51±0.44)d and the course of treatment was(5.00±1.37)d,which were lower than those in the unvaccinated group:(4.81±0.70)d and(11.32±2.59)d respectively,and the differences were statisti-cally significant(t=10.284,5.348,both P＜O.001).Conclusion The vaccination with live attenuated varicella vaccine has a high protection rate within 3 years,alleviates the clinical symptoms of varicella,and shortens the course and duration of the disease.
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