曲靖市四至六年级小学生心理健康状况及影响因素分析
Analysis of mental health status and influencing factors of primary school students in grades 4 to 6 in Qujing City
张顺军 1冉飞 1熊亚兵 1周雅竹 1吴文巧 1岳鑫尉 1晏瑞琴 2陈欣 3杨淑娟4
作者信息
- 1. 云南师范大学体育学院,云南呈贡 650500
- 2. 曲靖师范学院体育学院,云南曲靖 655011
- 3. 云南师范大学美术学院,云南呈贡 650500
- 4. 云南师范大学万名校长项目办,云南呈贡 650500
- 折叠
摘要
目的 了解曲靖市四至六年级小学生心理健康状况,为高年级小学生实施心理健康教育提供理论依据.方法 使用心理健康诊断测验(MHT)和儿童抑郁量表(CDI),通过分层随机整群抽样法,于2022年10-12月对曲靖市6个区县的9所学校的1251名四至六年级小学生进行调查.结果 曲靖市小学生心理健康严重问题检出率为7.7％,学习焦虑检出率最高,为55.6％.心理健康状况在不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义(F=7.722,P＜0.001).心理健康状况在年级之间差异有统计学意义(F=25.001,P＜0.001),年级越高心理健康状况越差[四年级(33.91±17.16)分,五年级(39.63±17.6)分,六年级(42.33±18.48)分].心理健康状况在生源地之间的差异有统计学意义(F=9.197,P＜0.05),城镇生源比农村生源心理健康状况更差[城镇(19.30±0.98)分,农村(17.45±0.60)分].心理健康状况在父亲学历和母亲学历上的差异有统计学意义(F=5.257,F=6.274,P＜0.001).多元线性回归分析显示,小学生心理健康影响因素有性别(P＜0.01,95％CI:0.921～4.152)、年级(P＜0.05,95％CI:0.445～3.709)、生源地(P＜0.001,95％CI:1.774～6.122)、CDI总分(P＜0.05,95％CI:1.493～1.716).结论 曲靖市四至六年级学生心理健康总体状况较好,性别、年级、生源和CDI总分是影响该地小学生心理健康的因素.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the mental health status of primary school students in grades 4 to 6 in Qujing City aiming to provide theoretical evidence for the implementation of mental health education for senior primary school stu-dents.Methods Total 1 251 primary school students in grades 4 to 6 of 9 schools in 6 districts and counties of Qujing City were surveyed by using the Mental Health Diagnostic Test(MHT)and the Child Depression Inventory(CDI)from October to December 2022.Results The detection rate of serious mental health problems among primary school students in Qujing City was 7.7％,and the detection rate of learning anxiety was the highest,accounting for 55.6％.There were statistically sig-nificant differences in mental health among different age groups(F=7.722,P＜0.00 1).There was a statistically significant dif-ference in mental health among grades(F=25.001,P＜0.001),and the higher the grade,the worse the mental health status[(33.91±17.16)in the fourth grade,(39.63±17.6)in the fifth grade,and(42.33±18.48)in the sixth grade].There was a statisti-cally significant difference in mental health status among students(F=9.197,P＜0.05),and the mental health status of urban students was worse than that of rural students[urban students(19.30±0.98)points,rural students(17.45±0.60)points].There were statistically significant differences in mental health status between paternal education and maternal education(F=5.257,F=6.274,P＜0.001).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of primary school students'mental health were gender(P＜0.01,95％CI:0.921-4.152),grade(P＜0.05,95％CI:0.445-3.709),place of origin(P＜0.001,95％CI:1.774-6.122),CDI total score(P＜0.05,95％CI:1.493-1.716).Conclusion The overall mental health status of students in grades 4 to 6 in Qujing City is relatively good,and gender,grade,student origin,and CDI total score are the factors affecting the mental health of pri-mary school students in the area.
关键词
小学生/心理健康/抑郁症Key words
Primary school student/Mental health/Depression引用本文复制引用
基金项目
云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2023Y0583)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据