摘要
目的 了解上海市某区中小学校教室照明情况,为教育和卫生部门开展中小学生近视防控和学校教学环境改造提供科学依据.方法 采用分层随机抽样的方法,抽取上海市某区不同类型、区域、办学性质的107所中小学校共615间教室,依据国家相关标准对课桌面维持平均照度、课桌面照度均匀度、黑板面维持平均照度和黑板面照度均匀度4项指标进行检测.结果 课桌面维持平均照度、课桌面照度均匀度、黑板面维持平均照度和黑板面照度均匀度的合格率分别为 82.1％(505/615)、87.6％(539/615)、55.6％(342/615)和 33.0％(203/615).4项指标均合格的教室比例(合格率)为27.3％(168/615).教室照明条件在不同类型、区域和办学性质的学校中差异较大,总体表现为小学差于初中或高中学校,乡镇学校差于城区学校,民办学校差于公办学校.结论 2021-2023年上海市某区中小学校教室照明卫生状况存在一定问题,学校应严格按照国家卫生标准进行教室改建或灯光工作改造,保护青少年视力健康.
Abstract
Objective This study investigated classroom illumination in primary and secondary schools in a district of Shanghai.The aim was to provide a scientific basis for education and health departments to conduct vision prevention and control measures among primary and secondary school students,and to reform the school teaching environment.Methods A total of 615 classrooms from 107 primary and secondary schools of different types,regions and school-running natures in a district of Shanghai were selected through a stratified random sampling method.According to the relevant national standards,four indexes-desk surface illumination,uniformity of desk surface illumination,blackboard surface illumination and uniformity of blackboard surface illumination-were tested.Results The qualified rates for desk surface illumination,uniformity of desk surface illumination,blackboard surface illumination,and uniformity of blackboard surface illumination were 87.6％,87.6％,87.6％and 33.0％,respectively.Only 27.3％of classrooms passed regarding all four criteria.Classroom lighting con-ditions substantially varied by school type,region and school-running nature,and were worse in primary schools than middle or high schools;worse in township schools than urban schools;and worse in private schools than public schools.Conclu-sion Between 2021-2023,several problems were identified in classroom illumination in a district of Shanghai.Schools should be rebuilt or maintained in strict accordance with national health standards.
维普
万方数据