Hemodialysis is the mainstay of renal replacement therapy for end-stage renal disease,and ar-teriovenous fistula(AVF)is the preferable method for vascular access recommended by major guidelines.However,repeated AVF failures affect the quality of life of the patients,and increase economic and social bur-dens.Therefore,continuous assessment of AVF function and early intervention to abnormal AVF is essential.Currently,artificial intelligence has become a hot issue due to the advantages of accurate and quantified re-sults,homogenized and remote diagnosis and treatment,as compared to the physical examination of AVF.In this article,research progresses in AVF acoustic feature and its extraction method,selection of machine learn-ing method,and the development of AVF monitoring system by artificial intelligence are reviewed in order to explore the research pathways and the direction of clinical research.
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