Objective To explore the current situation and influencing factors of nutritional literacy in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients.Methods A total of 200 MHD patients treated in the Hemodialy-sis Center,The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from April 2023 to June 2023 were recruited in this study.General Information Questionnaire,Social Support Rating Scale,Self-Management Scale for Hemodialysis Patients,and Nutritional Literacy Evaluation Scale for Hemodialysis Patients were used as the questionnaires to the MHD patients.Results The nutritional literacy score of MHD patients was 19.99±3.72.Multivariate linear regression analyses showed that gender(β=0.142,P=0.003),literacy level(β=0.188,P=0.001),mode of residence(β=0.112,P=0.020),daily urine output(β=0.249,P<0.001),dialysis age(β=0.193,P=0.001),primary disease(diabetes)(β=-0.144,P=0.005),social support(β=0.113,P=0.032),and self-management(β=0.449,P<0.001)were the influencing factors for nutritional literacy in MHD pa-tients(P<0.001).Conclusion The level of nutritional literacy in MHD patients is at an intermediate level,and further improvement is required.