摘要
目的 探讨维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis,MHD)患者的液体摄入行为现状及影响因素.方法 采用便利抽样的方法,选取2021年1月-2021年12月山东第一医科大学附属中心医院MHD患者为研究对象,采用液体摄入健康信念量表和知识水平问卷对患者的健康信念和知识水平进行评价,并分析潜在影响因素.结果 205名MHD患者中液体摄入行为处于无意向、意向、准备、行动、维持阶段的患者分别是21名(10.2％)、42名(20.5％)、43名(21.0％)、73名(35.6％)、26名(12.7％).年龄、液体摄入自我效能、知识水平每增长一个单位,液体摄入行为进入高等级阶段的可能性分别增加了3.700％(OR=1.037,95％CI:1.010～1.065,P=0.007)、18.700％(OR=1.187,95％CI:1.142～1.234,P＜0.001)、8.000％(OR=1.080,95％CI:1.006～1.160,P=0.033).平均透析间期体质量增长值每降低1 kg,液体摄入行为进入高等级阶段的可能性增加了51.000％(OR=0.490,95％CI:0.330～0.727,P＜0.001).结论 年龄、平均透析间期体质量增长值、液体摄入自我效能及知识水平是患者液体摄入行为的主要影响因素.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of fluid intake behavior in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients.Methods A total of 205 MHD patients treated in The Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from Jan.to Dec.2021 were recruited by the conve-nience sampling method.Their health belief and knowledge level were evaluated by using the Liquid Intake Health Belief Scale and Knowledge Level Questionnaire.The influencing factors for fluid intake behavior were then analyzed.Results In the 205 MHD patients,fluid intake behaved in the stage of unintention in 21 patients(10.2％),intention in 42 patients(20.5％),preparation in 43 patients(21.0％),action in 73 patients(35.6％),and maintenance in 26 paticnts(12.7％).When age,fluid intake self-efficacy,and knowledge level in-creased by one unit,the likelihood of progression to a higher stage of fluid intake behavior increased by 3.7％(OR=1.037,95％CI:1.010～1.065,P=0.007),18.7％(OR=1.187,95％CI:1.142～1.234,P＜0.001),and 8.0％(OR=1.080,95％Cl:1.006～1.160,P=0.033)respectively.When the average interdialytic weight gain de-creased by one kilogram,the likelihood of progression to a higher stage of fluid intake behavior increased by 51.0％(OR=0.490,95％CI:0.330～0.727,P＜0.001).Conclusion Age,average interdialytic weight gain,self-efficacy of fluid intake and knowledge level are the influencing factors for fluid intake behavior in MHD patients.
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