Hemodialysis(HD)is a primary therapeutic modality for end-stage renal disease.However,large quantities of waste water and medical waste are produced in the dialysis processes.Previous studies have focused on the negative impacts of waste water on environment,but the negative impacts of medical waste and carbon emission by hemodialysis have been rarely discussed.This paper aims to fill this study gap and to explore the improvement measures based on previous research results,in order to promote a green and a sustainable development of HD.
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