Objective To investigate the effect of serum microRNA-31(miR-31)in patients with myocardial hypertrophy induced by aortic stenosis.Methods The patients with myocardial hypertrophy induced by aortic stenosis were chosen into observation group and healthy volunteers were chosen into control group(each n=150)from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from Jan.2020 to Oct.2020.The indexes of miR-31,left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end diastole(LVPWTd),interventricular septum thickness of end-diastole(IVSTd),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and left ventricular mass index(LVMI)were compared between 2 groups.The observation was followed up for 3 y to observe the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE),and analyze the predictive value of miR-31 to MACE.Results The level of serum miR-31 increased significantly in observation group compared with control group(1.25±0.26 vs.0.71±0.23,P<0.001).The level of serum miR-31 was positively correlated to levels of LVPWTd,IVSTD,LVEDD and LVMI(r=0.372,0.401,0.362,0.452,P<0.05),and negatively correlated to LVEF(r=-0.317,P=0.0 10)in observation group.After followed up in patients with myocardial hypertrophy induced by aortic stenosis for 3 y,the level of serum miR-31 increased significantly in MACE patients compared with non-MACE patients(1.44±0.17 vs.1.21±0.26,P<0.001).The level of serum miR-31 had a higher predictive value to MACE,and AUC was 0.752(95%CI:0.668~0.837,P<0.001)in patients with myocardial hypertrophy induced by aortic stenosis.Conclusion The level of serum miR-31 may have important potential in patients with myocardial hypertrophy induced by aortic stenosis,and is a potential biological indicator of myocardial hypertrophy induced by aortic stenosis.