Determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the environmental water samples by a polyvinylimide-modified magnetic nanoparticles-based solid phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography
The long-term presence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)in the environmental water samples not only affects the life safety of aquatic organisms and disturbs the ecoenvironment,but also poses a serious threat to human health.In this study,amino-functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles(Fe3O4-NH2)were firstly prepared by solvothermal method.Subsequently,polyethyleneimine(PEI)with a branched chain structure was successfully grafted onto Fe3O4 nanoparticles by Schiff base reaction in aqueous solution at room temperature using glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking agent,and a recyclable PEI-grafted magnetic nano-sorbent(Fe3O4@PEI)was synthesized and applied for the detection of NSAIDs in the environmental water samples.The compositional properties of Fe3O4@PEI were investigated by different characterization methods and the parameters affecting the extraction of NSAIDs were optimized.Due to high adsorption of Fe3O4@PEI for NSAIDs,the quantitative analysis of four NSAIDs in the environmental water samples,ketoprofen,naproxen,diclofenac and tolfenamic acid,was performed in combination with high-performance liquid chromatography.A good linear relationship between the chromatographic peak area and concentration was observed in the range of 1-500µg/mL.The recoveries of the samples at three different spiked levels ranged from 85.6%to 107.8%;the intra-day precision was less than 7.8%(n=6);and the inter-day precision was less than 9.5%(n=3).The method is simple,rapid,accurate and reliable,and can be used for the analysis of NSAIDs in the environmental water samples.
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