Objective To explore the relationship between gene expression and bone remodeling in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)of rats,and identify molecular marker of bone remodel-ing-related in PBMCs that are sensitive to different training modes.Methods Thirty-six 2-month-old Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into a control group(CON group),an uphill running group(UH group),and a downhill running group(DH group),each of 12.Both the UH group(slope 8°)and the DH group(slope-8°)underwent daily 50-minute platform running at the same speed of 25 m/min,5 times per week,for 12 weeks.Then,their body composition,bone mineral density(BMD),and bone mineral content were measured,and their microstructure of trabecular bone in the distal femur were observed.Moreover,Affymetrix®GeneChip®Rat Genome 230 2.0 Array was employed to detect differential genes expressions in PBMCs,and kobas 3.0 was applied to conduct functional en-richment analysis.Results The body fat percentage of the UH and DH groups was significantly lower than the CON group(P＜0.05),while the bone microstructural parameters such as bone volume/total vol-ume(BV/TV)and fractal dimension(FD)of the cancellous bone of the distal femur were significantly higher than the latter group(P＜0.05).Moreover,the whole-body muscle,gastrocnemius muscle mass and BMD of the DH group were significantly higher than the CON group(P＜0.05),with the increased volume of cancellous bone in the distal femur,and the larger number of bone trabeculae tightly aligned.Meanwhile,the bone trabecular thickness(Tb.Th)increased significantly in the DH group com-pared with the CON group(P＜0.05),while the bone surface/volume ratio(BS/BV),trabeculae pattern factor(Tb.Pf)and structure model index(SMI)decreased significantly compared with the latter group(P＜0.05).What's more,improved femur morphology and distal BMD(P＜0.05)and thickened bone tra-beculae were observed in the DH group,compared with the UH group.A total of 235 differentially ex-pressed genes(DEGs)were detected in PBMCs,of which 71 differed between the DH and UH groups.Moreover,IL-17 was the signaling pathway most significantly enriched,and such DEGs as Cc12,Lcn2,Jun,S100a8 and Mmp9 enriched in the IL-17 signaling pathway,differed between the UH and DH groups and were correlated with the bone quality indexes.Conclusion Platform trainings of dif-ferent slopes have different effects on bone remodeling.Cc12,Lcn2,Jun,S100a8 and Mmp9 genes in PBMCs can be ideal candidates for further study in this field.
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