Over the past two decades,significant advancements have been made in our understanding of optic neuritis(ON)characterized by demyelination.With the progression of serological testing technologies,a unique antibody associated with a specific subtype of demyelinating neuropathy was discovered in recent years—myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG)antibody.Although MOG antibody-associated disorders(MOGAD)were initially considered to be part of the spectrum of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(NMOSD),accumulating research evidence suggests that it should be regarded as a distinct disease entity.It is crucial to differentiate MOGAD from aquaporin-4(AQP4)antibody-positive NMOSD because they have different clinical courses and prognoses,necessitating tailored diagnostic and treatment approaches.To enhance the level of diagnosis and treatment and enable greater benefits for these patients,there is a need for an in-depth comprehension of the clinical presentations and therapeutic advancements in MOG-ON.This will contribute to providing improved medical care for a broader range of neuro-ophthalmic patients.
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