摘要
儿童低视力主要的病因在于遗传、先天异常及围生期的问题.这部分儿童的视觉康复是一个复杂而重要的过程,涉及多方面的评估与干预,尤其是功能视觉的评估及康复.低视力儿童的视觉康复不仅包括视力训练,还涉及合适的光学和非光学助视器的使用、功能视力的提高、环境及相应服务设施的改善.针对儿童低视力的预防、早期筛查和评估也至关重要,包括围生育期的筛查、系统化的眼保健服务和全面的视觉功能评估.低视力儿童视觉康复目前仍面临早期诊断和介入的困难、教育体系的挑战以及专业康复机构少、专业人员不足、辅助产品种类少、质量不高等问题.未来,需要进一步完善康复服务网络和机构的建设,加强师资培训和政策投入,以提升低视力儿童的视觉康复效果和生活质量.
Abstract
The primary causes of low vision in children include genetic factors,congenital anomalies,and perinatal issues.The visual rehabilitation for these children is a complex and crucial process that involves comprehensive assessments and interventions,particularly focusing on functional vision evaluation and rehabilitation.The rehabilitation of children with low vision encompasses not only vision training but also the use of appropriate optical and non-optical aids,improvement of functional vision,and enhancement of the environment and related service facilities.Preventing,early screening,and evaluating low vision in children are also of paramount importance.This includes perinatal screenings,systematic eye health services,and comprehensive visual function assessments.Currently,the visual rehabilitation of children with low vision faces several challenges,including difficulties in early diagnosis and intervention,challenges within the educational system,a lack of specialized rehabilitation institutions and professionals,and a limited variety and quality of assistive products.In the future,it is necessary to further improve the rehabilitation service network and institution development,strengthen the training of professionals,and increase policy investment to enhance the effectiveness of visual rehabilitation and the quality of life for children with low vision.
基金项目
北京吴祖泽科技发展基金会项目(WZZ20230202)
维普
万方数据