In order to explore the metabolic alterations in spleen of ducks infected with duck enteritis virus(DEV),41-day-old healthy green shell ducks were selected and randomly divided into test(TD)group and control(CK)group.The experimental group was inoculated with DEV venom(0.2mL/duck,3.16×109TCID50/0.1mL)via leg muscle.The CK group was inoculated with the same amount of sterile saline.The ducks were euthanized at 66 hours,90 hours and 114 hours after inoculation.The spleen samples from each group were aseptically collected for pathogen nucleic acid detection and tissue lesion observation.After determining the successful infection of DEV,liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)was employed to analyze the metabolomic profiles of the spleens from both the TD and CK groups.Potential differential metabolites and related signaling pathways were screened and analyzed.The results demonstrated successful amplification of DEV-specific DNA fragments in the spleens of the TD group,while no such DNA fragments were detected in the CK group.The spleens from the TD group exhibited enlargement with a mottled appearance and subcapsular hemorrhagic spots.Histological analysis revealed hyperemia in the splenic sinus and reduced lymphocyte count.In contrast,the spleens of the CK group showed no significant pathological changes.Comparative metabolomic analysis revealed 38,64,and 71 distinct metabolic substances at 66 hours,90 hours,and 114 hours post-inoculation,respectively,in the spleens of ducks from the TD group.These metabolites primarily included arachidonic acid ethanolamine,gamma-linolenic acid,indole-3-acetic acid,docosahexaenoic acid,lysine,prostaglandin e3,L-tryptophan,L-phenylalanine,etc.The main metabolic pathways involved were tryptophan metabolism,phenylalanine metabolism,histidine metabolism,tyrosine metabolism,amino acid biosynthesis,cytochrome P450 metabolism of foreign substances,aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis.Notably among them are differential metabolites such as arachidonic acid ethanolamine and tryptophan metabolism which are closely associated with immune response and inflammation.The findings suggest that ethanolamine arachidonic acid and tryptophan can serve as sensitive biomarkers for ducks infected with DEV,indicating that DEV infection may induce inflammation and immune response in ducks through the tryptophan metabolic pathway.These results provide a valuable reference for further investigation into the pathogenesis of DEV.
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