To understand the biological characteristics,antimicrobial resistance genes and the correlation between the genes and resistance phenotypes of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from rabbits in Henan Province,in this study,74 rabbit samples with typical clinical symptoms of Klebsiellosis were collected from large-scale rabbit farm in 7 different areas of Henan Province from March 2022 to April 2023.The samples were inoculated on LB plates and blood agar plates,respectively,and the pathogenic bacteria were isolated and cultured.The bacterial species were determined by colony morphology observation,gram staining microscopy,biochemical test,PCR amplification of klebsiella Khe gene and BLAST comparison and construction of Khe gene phylogenetic tree.The results showed that a total of 10 Klebsiella strains were isolated from 74 diseased rabbit samples,and the 10 strains were mainly concentrated in Luoyang(3/10)and Zhoukou(2/10),and 1 strain was isolated in Kaifeng,Zhengzhou,Luohe,Jiyuan and Xinxiang,respectively.The drug susceptibility test of 8 kinds of drugs in 3 categories and the detection of 8 kinds of drug resistance genes in these 3 categories were carried out by the disk diffusion(K-B)method and PCR respectively,and the correlation between the phenotype and genes was analyzed by SPSS 26 software.The results showed that 80％-100％of the strains were resistant to neomycin,gentamicin,kanamycin(aminoglycosides),ciprofloxacin,norfloxacin(quinolones),and tetracycline(tetracycline),and 60％-70％of the strains were resistant to ofloxacin(quinolones)and doxycycline(tetracycline).Multidrug resistant strains accounted for 90％,mainly resistant to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin.The average proportion of strains resistant to 3 classes of drugs was 90％,80％and 80％,respectively.The strains isolated from Luoyang,Kaifeng and Zhengzhou were highly resistant to 8 kinds of drugs,showing severe multi-drug resistance.Although the resistance of the strains from Zhoukou and Xinxiang was relatively weak,they also showed multiple-drug resistance.PCR detection of drug-resistant genes showed that aac(6')-Ib,ant(3'')-I and aph(3'')-I(aminoglycoside),Aac6 and qEpA(quinolone class),tetQ(tetracycline class)detection rates were over 60％,qnrs(quinolone class)detection rate of 30％,and tetO(tetracyclines)was not detected.The strains isolated from Luoyang carried the most number and types of resistance genes,while the strains isolated from Zhoukou and Zhengzhou carried fewer.The number of resistance genes carried by strains isolated from Kaifeng,Luohe,Jiyuan and Xinxiang was the same,but types of resistance genes were different.After calculation and analysis,the aminoglycosides and quinolones resistance phenotypes of 10 strains were positively correlated with resistance genes(the coincidence rates were 81.4％and 70.9％,respectively).The coincidence rate of tetracycline resistance phenotypes and resistance genes was only 37.5％,but the isolates showed certain resistance to tetracycline.In conclusion,it demonstrated that rabbit-derived Klebsiella in Henan Province exhibit severe drug resistance,and most of them are multi-drug resistant,with complex and diverse resistance genes.This study explored the correlation between drug resistance phenotypes and drug resistance genes of rabbit Klebsiella in Henan for the first time,providing reference for the prevention and treatment of Klebsiella disease in rabbit farms in Henan.
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