The current situation of myopia and age-related growth rate among children and adolescents in Hebei Province in 2021
Objective To analyze the current situation of myopia among children and adolescents in Hebei Province in 2021,construct a myopia rate curve model with age,and provide a scientific basis for formulating visual health prevention and control strategies for children and adolescents.Methods Through cluster random sampling method,a total of 373 826 students from 13 cities in Hebei Province were selected for visual acuity examination and basic information questionnaire.The myopia growth rate model in Hebei Province was obtained by curve fitting,and the differences and characteristics of myopia growth rate between urban and suburban male and female students were analyzed.Results The overall myopia rate among children and adolescents in Hebei Province in 2021 was 53.07％,of which females(56.84％)were higher than males(49.57％),urban areas(56.21％)were higher than suburban counties(52.16％),and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.01).As age increased,the myopia rate showed an upward trend(x2=85 222.501,P＜0.01).The myopia rate third-order curve equation models with age for urban male,urban female,suburban male,and suburban female students were as follows:y1=-1.82-1.529x1+1.047x21-0.04x31;y2=-8.149-1.958x2+1.391x22-0.056x32;y3=10.094-5.424x3+1.395x23-0.049x33;y4=-7.18-2.097x4+1.362x24-0.053x34.The growth rates of myopic rate all showed a"parabolic"shape,and all reached the peak at 8-10 years old and then showed a downward trend.The peak growth rates for urban and suburban male students were 7.55％and 7.89％,respectively,while those for urban and suburban female students were 9.51％and 9.50％,respectively.Conclusions The myopia rate among children and adolescents in Hebei Province was relatively high,and the rate of myopia significantly increased with age,with lower and higher peak growth rates at a younger age,indicating a severe situation for myopia prevention and control.
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