摘要
目的 分析某肿瘤专科医院(简称研究医院)恶性肿瘤住院死亡病例的特征,为医院更好地服务患者提供参考.方法 收集2008-2021年研究医院收治的恶性肿瘤死亡患者临床资料,计算各年病死率及变化趋势、前10位病种的病死率及变化趋势,死亡患者的性别与年龄分布.分为2008-2012年、2013-2017年和201-2021年三个时间段,分析死亡病例的流行病学特征和临床特征的变化.结果 2008-2021年,研究医院恶性肿瘤死亡1 553例,总体病死率0.22％;男性死亡923例,病死率0.24％;女性死亡630例,病死率0.19％;总体病死率、男性病死率、女性病死率均呈下降趋势(x2=1 198.30、717.24、481.00,P＜0.001).死亡顺位前10位的恶性肿瘤病死率也均呈下降趋势.死亡病例最多的年龄组是60～＜75岁组,649例(41.79％);但乳腺癌、肾癌、卵巢癌死亡例数最多的是45～＜60岁组,分别是55例(45.83％)、27例(45.00％)和21例(51.22％);恶性淋巴瘤死亡病例数最多的是0～＜45岁组,31例(34.44％).2008-2012年、2013-2017年和2018-2021年三个时间段,恶性肿瘤死亡病例的时间分布、是否接受过手术治疗、临床分期均未发生改变,差异无统计学意义(x2=10.628、1.880、2.727,P=0.101、0.391、0.842);空间分布发生了改变,差异有统计学意义(x2=32.456,P＜0.001).结论 肺癌、消化系统恶性肿瘤、乳腺癌是研究医院恶性肿瘤死亡的主要原因,医院应在加强重点恶性肿瘤规范化诊治的基础上,加大对中青年人群恶性肿瘤防治的研究.
Abstract
Objective To analyze the characteristics of inpatient malignant tumor deaths in a specialized cancer hospital(referred to as the research hospital)and provide a reference for better patient care.Methods Clinical data of inpatient deaths with malignant tumors admitted to the research hospital from 2008 to 2021 were collected.The overall mortality rate trends,mortality rates,and trends of the top 10 diseases,as well as the gender and age distribution of deceased patients,were calculated.The study period was divided into three periods:2008-2012,2013-2017,and 2018-2021,and the changes in epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the death cases were analyzed.Results From 2008 to 2021,1 553 cancer deaths occurred in the study hospital,with an overall mortality rate of 0.22％.There were 923 male deaths,with a mortality rate of 0.24％.There were 630 female deaths,with a mortality rate of 0.19％.The overall mortality rate,male mortality rate,and female mortality rate showed a decreasing trend(x2=1 198.30,717.24,481.00,P＜0.001).The mortality rates of the top 10 malignant tumors also showed a downward trend.The age group with the highest number of deaths was 60-＜75 years old(649 cases,41.79％).However,the mortality of breast cancer,kidney cancer,and ovarian cancer was highest in the 45-＜60-year-old group,which were 55 cases(45.83％),27 cases(45.00％),and 21 cases(51.22％),respectively.The highest number of death cases of malignant lymphoma was 31 cases(34.44％)in the 0-＜45 years old group.There were no significant differences in the time distribution of death cases,surgical treatment,and clinical stage between 2008-2012,2013-2017,and 2018-2021(x2=10.628、1.880,2.727,P=0.101,0.391,0.842);however,there was a significant change in spatial distribution(x2=32.456,P＜0.001).Conclusions Lung cancer,digestive system malignant tumors,and breast cancer were the main causes of cancer death in the hospital.The hospital should strengthen the standardized diagnosis and treatment of key malignant tumors and increase the research on the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors in the young and middle-aged population.
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