Effects of a short-term low-carbohydrate diet intervention on body composition and glycolipid metabolism indicators in overweight and obese individuals
Objective This study aims to explore the factors influencing the weight loss effects and changes in glycolipid metabolism of overweight and obese patients due to short-term low carbohydrate diet(LCD)intervention.Methods A total of 192 overweight or obese patients who received LCD intervention at the outpatient department of Guangdong Medical University Affiliated Hospital from January 1,2019 to December 31,2020 were included.A biochemical analyzer and bioelectrical impedance technology were used to detect the biochemical indicators of glucolipid metabolism and body fat distribution in the subjects.Changes in glucolipid metabolism levels before and after LCD intervention and the impact of different durations of LCD intervention(1-3 months)on body composition indices were compared.Logistic regression models were used to explore the factors influencing the effects of weight loss.Results The body weight,body mass index,visceral fat area,waist-to-hip ratio,and muscle mass of overweight and obese patients who received LCD intervention decreased significantly,with statistical significance(P＜0.05),and the longer the intervention duration,the more significant the decrease in the above indicators(P＜0.05).Fasting blood glucose,2-hour postprandial blood glucose,triglycerides,total cholesterol,and uric acid of overweight and obese patients decreased significantly after LCD intervention,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Logistic regression models showed that regular diet(β=4.80,95％CI:2.07-7.53,P=0.001),duration of weight loss(β=8.80,95％CI:5.46-12.13,P＜0.01),and resting metabolic rate(β=-0.03,95％CI:-0.03-0.02,P＜0.01)were factors influencing the weight loss effects.Conclusions Short-term LCD intervention can effectively promote body weight reduction in overweight and obese patients and improve their glycolipid metabolism indices.Regular diet,duration of weight loss,and resting metabolic rate are the main factors influencing the effectiveness of weight loss.
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