Vaccination work has made remarkable achievements in China,but there are still some problems that need to be solved,which restrict the service capacity of vaccination units.This study analyzed the existing problems and challenges in the vaccination service capacity assessment system,funding input,and resource allocation of vaccination units,and proposed measures such as establishing a vaccination evaluation system,increasing funding input,optimizing outpatient construction and human resource allocation,strengthening information construction and health education,aiming to provide references for optimizing and improving the vaccination service capacity in China.