在肺炎球菌结合疫苗(pneumococcal conjugate vaccines,PCV)使用前,肺炎球菌性疾病(pneumo-coccal disease,PD)是全球＜5岁儿童的常见感染疾病,也是致其死亡的重要原因.世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)将PD列为需极高度优先使用疫苗预防的疾病.目前,PCV在我国内地还属于非免疫规划疫苗,接种对象包括所有≤5岁儿童,不同年龄段的推荐接种程序不同.为尽早获得PCV免疫的间接和直接保护效应,WHO主张引入婴儿期PCV常规免疫时,协同实施1～5岁儿童接种.但我国1～5岁儿童的PCV接种率较低,应提高相关认识,在坚持婴儿期常规接种的同时,促进1～5岁儿童接种,加强PD的预防.
Reflections on the coordinated implementation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for children aged 1-5 years and routine infantile vaccination
Prior to the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines(PCVs),pneumococcal disease(PD)was a common infection among children under 5 years old worldwide and a significant cause of mortality in this age group.The World Health Organization(WHO)has identified PD as a disease requiring high priority vaccination for prevention.At present,PCV is not included in the national immunization program in mainland China,and it is recommended for all children aged 5 years and below,with varying vaccination procedures based on age groups.To maximize the indirect and direct protective effects of PCV immunization,WHO advocates for the collaborative implementation of 1-5 year old vaccination when introducing routine infantile vaccination.However,PCV coverage among children aged 1-5 years in China remains low.It is essential to enhance awareness and promote PCV vaccination of children aged 1-5 years while continuing routine infant vaccination to strengthen the prevention of PD.
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