摘要
目的 分析2014-2023年福建省百日咳流行病学特征和时空聚集性,为百日咳防控提供依据.方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2014-2023年福建省百日咳报告发病数据,分析百日咳流行病学特征.采用ArcGIS 10.8软件进行空间自相关分析,SaTScan V9.5软件进行时空扫描分析.结果 2014-2023年福建共报告百日咳病例2 601例,报告发病率0.01/10万～2.62/10万,年均报告发病率0.63/10万,总体呈上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(Z=2.862,P=0.004).0～＜5岁、5～＜10岁、≥10岁年龄组百日咳报告发病率分别为7.33/10万、2.36/10万、0.04/10万,0～＜1岁组报告发病率最高(29.83/10万).空间自相关分析显示,2019年、2021-2023年福建省百日咳报告发病率呈空间聚集性,2014-2016年热点地区在三明市,2017-2019年在宁德市、厦门市、泉州市和漳州市,2020-2023年在厦门市和漳州市.时空扫描分析发现,2014-2023年高发病聚集区分布在漳州市、厦门市、福州市、泉州市和南平市(LLR=912.94、187.11、67.48、134.77).结论 2014-2023年福建省百日咳报告发病率呈上升趋势,存在时空聚集性,发病以0～＜1岁年龄组为主,学生人群占比呈上升趋势.建议加强百日咳监测,优化百日咳疫苗免疫策略.
Abstract
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal clustering of pertussis in Fujian Province from 2014 to 2023,providing a basis for its prevention and control.Methods The reported incidence data of pertussis in Fujian Province during 2014-2023 were collected through the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.Epidemiological characteristics of pertussis were analyzed,and spatial autocorrelation analysis was performed using ArcGIS 10.8 software.Spatiotemporal scanning analysis was conducted using SaTScan V9.5 software.Results A total of 2 601 pertussis cases were reported in Fujian during 2014-2023,with an incidence rate ranging from 0.01 to 2.62 per 100 000 and an average annual incidence rate of 0.63 per 100 000,showing an overall upward trend(Z=2.862,P=0.004).The reported incidences of pertussis in the 0-＜5,5-＜10,and≥10 years old age groups were 7.33,2.36,and 0.04 per 100 000,respectively,with the highest incidence rate was reported in the 0-＜1-year-old group(29.83 per 100 000).Spatial autocorrelation analysis indicated clustering of pertussis incidence in 2019 and from 2021 to 2023.Hot spot areas were identified in Sanming City(2014-2016),Ningde City,Xiamen City,Quanzhou City,and Zhangzhou City(2017-2019),and Xiamen City and Zhangzhou City(2020-2023).Spatiotemporal scanning analysis revealed that the high-incidence clustering areas from 2014 to 2023 were distributed in Zhangzhou City,Xiamen City,Fuzhou City,Quanzhou City,and Nanping City(LLR=912.94,187.11,67.48,134.77).Conclusions The incidence rate of pertussis reported in Fujian Province from 2014 to 2023 showed an obvious upward trend,with evident spatiotemporal clustering.The incidence was mainly in the 0-＜1 year age group,while the proportion of students showed an upward trend.Suggest strengthening pertussis monitoring and exploring optimization of pertussis vaccine immunization strategies.
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万方数据