Investigation and analysis of the events of multi-victim bitted by one dog in Zhejiang Province from 2014 to 2022
Objective To analyze the epidemiologic characteristics and the trend of the events of multi-victim bitted by one dog in Zhejiang Province and provide a basis for rabies control and prevention.Methods All the events of multi-victim bitten by one dog in Zhejiang Province during 2014-2022 were investigated.Further statistical analyses were conducted,including the Chi-square test,trend Chi-square,and rank correlation.Results A total of 546 events of multi-victim being bitten by one dog had been reported in Zhejiang Province during 2014-2022,with the annual number of events increasing during 2014-2018 and decreasing after 2019.All eleven prefecture-level cities in Zhejiang reported the events of multi-victim bitted by one dog during the study period,and Jiaxing(189,34.62％)reported the largest number of events.470(86.08％)of the dogs were adults,and the immunization of veterinary rabies vaccines was 53(9.71％).A total of 13 dogs were tested for rabies virus,and 12 were positive.A total of 2 591 persons were exposed to those events,and no one was infected by the rabies virus.Farmers(1 074 cases,41.50％)were the most frequently reported occupation.The number of incidents,cumulative number of exposed individuals,and average number of exposed individuals per incident were positively correlated with the number of rabies cases(rs＞0,P＜0.05).Most of the exposed(2 118 cases,81.84％)were classified as category Ⅲ,and 70.29％(1 812 cases,70.29％)had exposure sites in the lower extremities.The inoculation rates of rabies vaccine and rabies immune globulin for category Ⅲ exposed was 83.92％and significantly decreased across the year(Z=-3.107,P=0.002).The rates were different with age(x2=17.083,P=0.029),with the highest rate reported in 0-＜10 years old(123 cases,7.86％).The immunization rate of vaccine for category Ⅱ exposed was 99.07％.Conclusions The inoculation rates of rabies vaccine and rabies immune globulin for category Ⅲ exposed from the events of multi-victim bitted by one dog in Zhejiang Province decreased across the year.Health education should be strengthened to improve post-exposure prevention and management,and the surveillance of the events of multi-victim bitten by one dog can be used for the early warning and forecast of human rabies.
RabiesPost-exposure prevention and managementVaccinePassive immunization preparations
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