Analysis on the epidemic characteristics of the anthrax in Guizhou Province from 2005 to 2022
To analyze the epidemic characteristics and epidemic cluster of human anthrax in Guizhou Province from 2005 to 2022,to provide a reference for the prevention and control of anthrax.The data of historical information on the anthrax epidemic,sample surveillance,and the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System in Guizhou Province were collected and analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods.A total of 419 cases of anthrax and 20 deaths were reported in Guizhou Province from 2005 to 2022,with an average rate of 0.063/100 000 and an annual fatality rate of 4.77％.The top three cities/couties with the highest cases were Qianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture(183 cases,0.35/100 000),Qiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture(102 cases,0.17/100 000),and Ceheng County(75 cases,2.16/100 000).A total of 375 cases were reported from April to October,accounting for 89.49％.There were 75 epidemic clusterings with 290 cases,and an incidence rate of 1.30％.There were 257 cases(88.62％)of patients who did not seek medical advice in time,and 10 outbreaks,accounting for 13.33％,were not diagnosed by medical personnel promptly.There were 209 cases(72.07％)who had a history of curettage/dead animal infection.A total of 1 054 samples of anthrax were collected,with an overall positivity rate was 12.24％,including 13.10％of positive environmental samples,and 10.89％of contaminated soil after disinfection.The 29 rechecked bacterial strain specimens had a positive rate of 31.03％.The historical epidemic focus is still the main place where anthrax occurred in Guizhou Province.The main risk factor was cesarean section/dead animals.Contaminated soil was not thoroughly disinfected,and there was still a risk of transmission.It is necessary to strengthen the training of medical personnel in medical institutions,and public health education,and strengthen the research on the transmission risk of bacillus anthracis in the environment of historical epidemic focus.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
