Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis(ICAS)is one of the most common causes of stroke,particularly prevalent among stroke patients in China.In recent years,with the a deeper understanding of symptomatic ICAS by researchers,significant progress has been made in assessment,diagnosis,and treatment,including pharmaceutical,surgical,and more advanced therapeutic approaches.Based on this,the authors of this paper provide a systematic overview of the new advances in the diagnosis and treatment of symptomatic ICAS,aiming to offer guidance and reference for clinical practitioners.