Objective To investigate the reasons for the same-day cancellation of ambulatory surgery and to explore an optimized management protocol and interventions to minimize the cancellation rate.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the cases of same-day cancellation of ambulatory surgery procedures that were centrally managed at the Ambulatory Surgery Center of our hospital from April 2020 to July 2022.The impact of preoperative meticulous management on the cancellation rate was also examined.Results Following the implementation of preoperative meticulous management,the same-day cancellation rate for surgical procedures significantly decreased from 2.44%to 1.88%(χ2=6.064,P=0.014).In particular,the same-day cancellation rate for laparoscopic cholecystectomy significantly dropped to 1.30%(χ2=9.829,P=0.002).Before the introduction of meticulous management,41.88%of cancellations were attributed to medical factors,31.88%to disease-related issues,and 26.25%to patient-related factors;after the implementation of meticulous management,the distribution of reasons for same-day cancellations shifted to 25.35%due to medical factors,39.44%to disease-related issues,and 35.21%to patient-related factors.Conclusion Improvements in preoperative management,surgical management system,implementation processes,capacity-building of medical staff,doctor-patient communication,and patient health education contribute to a substantial reduction in the same-day cancellation rate of ambulatory surgery,thereby benefiting the overall medical quality.