Study on spatiotemporal evolution of rocky desertification in the pilot zone for sustainable development:A case study of Gongcheng county
The karst area in Southwest China is an important region for the implementation of sustainable development strategies in China,as well as an area with extremely fragile ecological environment and concentrated distribution of rocky desertification.As a"National Pilot Zone for Sustainable Development"and"National Pilot Demonstration Zone for the Innovative Sustainable Development Agenda",Gongcheng Yao autonomous county of Guangxi is an important demonstration area for the coordinated development of karst landscape resource conservation and special ecological agriculture.Therefore,exploring the spatiotemporal evolution and the driving mechanism of rocky desertification in this area can provide an important scientific basis for the comprehensive management of rocky desertification,and the protection and restoration of karst ecosystem in China's pilot zones for sustainable development.Based on remote sensing images of Landsat series satellite from 2000,2005,2010,2015,and 2021,this study extracted information on rocky desertification by the interpretation of human-computer interaction,and quantitatively analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution law of rocky desertification in Gongcheng county.Meanwhile,by combining data of carbonate rock and land use,this study revealed the inherent driving mechanisms of geological conditions and land use changes about the evolution of rocky desertification in Gongcheng county.The study results show that the rocky desertification in Gongcheng county experienced three stages:accelerated deterioration from 2000 to 2005,rapid improvement from 2005 to 2015 and slow deterioration from 2015 to 2021.The total area of rocky desertification ranged from 88.96-229.55 km2.From 2000 to 2005,the rocky desertification in Gongcheng county shifted from no rocky desertification to mild and intermediate rock desertification,and reversely,it showed improvement from 2005 to 2021.The rocky desertification presented a spatial pattern of development from north to south in Gongcheng county.Xiling town,Lianhua town and Ping'an town were the main areas where rocky desertification occurred,accounting for 55.47％-61.31％of the total rocky desertification area of the county.In 2005 and 2010,when the rocky desertification was relatively severe,it was mainly at a moderate level in Xiling town,while it was mainly at a mild level in other years.In addition,the rocky desertification of Gongcheng county mainly occurred in the limestone area,accounted for 71.42％-75.85％of the total rocky desertification area of this county.But the rocky desertification area in orchards and shrub land accounted for 35.92％-39.21％and 31.77％-31.86％of the county's total area,respectively.The study results indicate that there exist strong karstification,severe soil erosion/leakage,and insufficient materials and slow rates of soil forming due to the wide distribution of pure limestone in Gongcheng county.Besides,the long-term cultivation of single economic fruit forests such as peaches and plums in orchards has led to a decline in fruit tree quality,and a large number of fruit trees have been cut down in recent years,resulting in an exacerbation of rocky desertification.Therefore,the local authority in Gongcheng county should consider constructing three-dimensional ecological planting model in the karst areas such as Xiling town,Lianhua town and Ping'an town during the comprehensive treatment of rocky desertification,so as to promote the coordinated and sustainable development of ecological industry,rocky desertification control and social economy.
Gongcheng countyrocky desertificationspatiotemporal evolution patternlithologic differenceland use type
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