Identification of key areas for the ecological restoration of karst mountainous territorial space based on the construction of ecological security pattern:A case study of Guanling,Guizhou Province
As one of the most ecologically fragile regions in the world,the ecosystem in the karst area is characterized by low environmental bearing capacity,high vulnerability and acute conflicts between human and land use,and thus the karst area requires strict ecological protection and effective ecological restoration.Guanling Buyi Miao Autonomous County(hereinafter referred to as Guanling county)is located in Anshun City,Guizhou Province.The karst landform accounts for 83.83％of the total land area of this county.Guanling county is a desertification area of Yunnan,Guangxi and Guizhou,with the ecological protection red line area amounting to 25.10％of the land area of this county;therefore,Chinese government listed it as a key county receiving assistance for rural revitalization.The karst mountainous area of Guanling county is distributed with a wide area of severe rocky desertification,with prominent conflicts between human and land use,and at the same time a number of national ecological zones are located there.In recent years,ecological degradation problems have caused habitat fragmentation and poor capacity for ecosystem supply in this county.Therefore,the identification of key areas for ecological restoration of national territorial space is of great significance to the ecological security of the Beipan river basin and even the Pearl river basin.The objectives of this study are:(1)to determine the importance level of ecological source areas,and to identify these areas by combining multiple factors such as MSPA,ecological protection red line,landscape connectivity analysis,etc.;(2)to construct the ecological resistance surface by synthesizing the impacts of human beings and nature,and to construct the regional ecological security pattern by using the circuit theory to extract the ecological elements such as ecological corridors,ecological pinch points,ecological barriers,etc.;(3)to classify the ecological control area based on the regional ecological background,and to propose targeted ecological restoration measures for territorial space.The results of the study show that:(1)Thirty-seven ecological source areas(449.78 km2),affected by different degrees of rocky desertification,in Guanling county have been identified.These areas are contiguously concentrated in the east and west,and scattered in the central part of the county.(2)Seventy-four ecological corridors(140.775 km)have been extracted,with important ecological corridors concentrated in the areas in a lower degree of rock desertification.At the same time,36 ecological pinch-points and 14 ecological barriers have been identified as key areas for ecological restoration of territorial space,and the ecological restoration effectiveness have been improved by the construction of an ecological restoration pattern of"three zones,two axes and multiple points".(3)The ecological restoration area of the identified ecological pinch-points covers 757.84 hm2,which is mainly distributed in the low-resistance area in the central part of the study area.The ecological restoration area of the identified ecological barriers covers 364.48 hm2,which is mainly concentrated in the central part of the study area with intensive human activities,and its distribution is subjected to the double interference of human activities and extensive and severe rocky desertification.(4)Ecological restoration measures need to be promoted scientifically in combination with the actual effectiveness of rock desertification management and the restoration cost.Besides,the planning conducive to ecological restoration and environmental protection of karst areas in Guanling county should be proposed according to the variability of stress factors.
security patternecological nodeecological restorationkarst mountainGuanling county
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