右美托咪定在骨科手术麻醉与镇痛中的应用进展
Application progress of dexmedetomidine in anesthesia and analgesia during orthopedic surgery
叶映芬 1李昆伦 2陈伟元 1赖尚导3
作者信息
- 1. 梅州市人民医院麻醉二科,广东梅州 514000
- 2. 梅州市人民医院创伤骨外科,广东梅州 514000
- 3. 梅州市医学科学院疼痛科,广东梅州 514000
- 折叠
摘要
右美托咪定(Dex)具有良好的剂量相关的镇静、镇痛、抗焦虑作用.临床研究证实,Dex可增加围手术期或重症患者的机械通气耐受力,减少呼吸抑制,维持血流动力学稳定,减少麻醉剂用量,降低谵妄发生等.由于心动过缓和低血压等不良反应,Dex在临床的实际应用中应控制给药速度和剂量.目前,Dex已广泛应用于全身麻醉、区域麻醉、小儿麻醉、日间手术及无痛检查等辅助用药.本文就Dex在骨科手术麻醉与镇痛中的应用进展进行综述,以期为Dex在骨科手术中如何有效减少麻醉药用量、维持血流动力学稳定、降低术后疼痛方面发挥参考作用.
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine (Dex) has good dose-dependent sedative,analgesic,and anti-anxiety effects. Clinical studies have shown that Dex can increase the mechanical ventilation tolerance of perioperative or critically ill patients,reduce respiratory depression,maintain hemodynamic stability,decrease anesthetic dosage,and reduce delirium occurrence. Due to adverse reactions such as bradycardia and hypotension,Dex should be administered at a controlled rate and dose in clinical practice. At present,Dex has been widely used as an adjuvant drug in general anesthesia,regional anesthesia,pediatric anesthesia,day surgery,and painless examinations. This article reviews the application progress of Dex in anesthesia and analgesia for orthopedic surgery. hoping to play a reference role for Dex in how to effectively reduce the dosage of anaesthetics,maintain haemodynamic stability,and reduce postoperative pain in orthopaedic surgery.
关键词
右美托咪定/作用机制/骨科手术/麻醉/镇痛/应用进展Key words
Dexmedetomidine/Mechanism/Orthopedic surgery/Anesthesia/Analgesia/Application progress引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据