Objective To study the efficacy and safety of systemic therapeutic hypothermia neonatal hy-poxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE)in the Dali Plateau region,and to explore the long-term effects of therapeutic hypo-thermia on children with HIE.Methods 126 cases of children with HIE diagnosed and hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hos-pital of Dali University from January 2019 to December 2022 were selected as the study subjects,and were grouped according to different treatment modalities,the control group was given conventional symptomatic and supportive treatment,and the study group was given systemic therapeutic hypothermia on the basis of conventional symptomatic supportive treatment.The two groups were compared in terms of the occurrence of complications during treatment,the results of amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram(aEEG)monitoring before and after treatment(4 days after birth),and the results of cranial magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)after treatment(5-7 days after birth),and the developmental quotient was assessed by the develop-mental and behavioral assessment scale for children 0-6 years of age(DBSA)follow-up.Results There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the occurrence of hypotension,coagulation disorders,hypoglycemia,sepsis and sclerosis(P＞0.05),and only the occurrence of bradycardia was statistically significant(OR=3.73,95％CI:1.32-10.57,P=0.01).There was a statistically significant difference in the severity of cranial MRI after treatment between the two groups(Z=-2.497,P=0.013).There was no statistically significant difference in the aEEG monitoring results before treatment(P＞0.05),but there was a significant difference in the aEEG monitoring results after treatment(Z=3.869,P＜0.01).In the fol-low-up results,there were no deaths in the study group and one child died in the control group.twenty-one children had a developmental quotient＜80(developmental delay),eight(10.00％)in the study group and thirteen(28.26％)in the control group.There was no statistically significant difference in the developmental quotient between the two groups of children with mild HIE(P＞0.05),whereas there was a significant difference in the developmental quotient in children with moderate and severe HIE(P＜0.01).Conclusion Systemic therapeutic hypothermia is safe and effective for children with moderate and se-vere HIE in Dali Plateau area,and is worthy of clinical application.
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