摘要
目的 探讨三孩生育政策后阴道分娩产妇的临床特征、分娩状况及分娩结局.方法 回顾性收集三孩生育政策前2020年1月至2021年6月间624例阴道分娩产妇(对照组)和三孩生育政策后2022年3月至2023年8月间阴道分娩的435例产妇(研究组)的临床资料,比较分析两组产妇临床特征、分娩状况、产程时间及分娩结局的差异.结果 研究组≥35岁产妇比率、≥35岁经产妇比率,妊娠前体质量指数、妊娠前超重或肥胖比率、巨大儿比率、妊娠高血压疾病比率、妊娠糖尿病比率、胎膜早破比率、住院天数高于对照组,而孕次、流产次数、孕期体质量增加则均小于对照组(P＜0.05).研究组催引产率、缩宫素引产使用率、人工破膜干预率、阴道助产率、镇痛分娩率、第二产程延长率、第二产程时间、总产程时间均大于对照组,镇痛分娩时的宫口则小于对照组(P＜0.05).研究组会阴Ⅰ度裂伤、会阴Ⅱ度裂伤、宫颈裂伤、会阴侧切、产后出血、产后贫血的发生率均明显高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 三孩政策后经阴道分娩的高龄产妇和催引产比率增多,产程时间延长,不良分娩结局增加,分娩镇痛率高.
Abstract
Objective To explore the clinical characteristics,delivery status,and delivery outcomes of parturient in vaginal delivery after the third-child policy.Methods Clinical data of 624 cases who underwent vaginal delivery from January 2020 to June 2021 before the third-child policy(control group)and 435 cases from March 2022 to August 2023 after the third-child policy(study group)were retrospectively collected.The clinical characteristics,delivery status,labor process and delivery outcomes of the two groups were compared and analyzed.Results The rate of parturient ≥35 years old,the rate of multipara ≥ 35 years old,the body mass index before pregnancy,the rate of overweight or obesity before pregnancy,the rate of macrosomia,the rate of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy,the rate of gestational diabetes mellitus,the rate of premature rupture of membrane,and the number of days in hospital in the study group were higher than those in the control group,but the number of pregnancies,the number of abortions,and weight gain during pregnancy were all lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The rate of labor induction,the rate of oxytocin induction,the rate of artificial membrane rupture,the rate of vaginal assistant labor,the rate of labor analgesia,the rate of prolonged second stage of labor,the second stage of labor time and the total stages of labor time in the study group were all higher than those in the control group,and the degree of dilation of the uterine is smaller than that of the control group when implementing labor analgesia(P＜0.05).The incidence of first-degree perineal laceration,second-degree perineal laceration,cervical laceration,lateral episiotomy,postpartum hemorrhage,and postpartum anemia in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion After the third-child policy,the proportion of the advanced age parturient who undergo vaginal delivery and in-duced labor has increased,the duration of labor has been prolonged,adverse delivery outcomes also have increased,however the rate of labor analgesia is higher than ever.
维普
万方数据