Objective A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the cognition and behavior of folic acid nutrition in rural pregnant women in northern Shaanxi and analyze the related factors.Methods 524 rural pregnant women who had established maternal health records at the Zizhou County Maternal and Child Health Care Family Planning Service Center in Shaanxi Province during January 1 to August 31 2023 were investigated with questionnaires,including the cognition of folic acid nutrition knowledge and the correct use of folic acid.Results 93.96％of the respondents had heard of folic acid.61.40％of them knew that folic acid can prevent neural tube defects,only 51.07％knew the best time to take folic acid,31.19％of them knew that the daily dose of folic acid should be supplemented.However,only 21.64％took it from pre-conception to the time of the survey.Folic acid was taken from 2 to 3 months,accounting for 26.32％women,followed by 1 to 2 months,accounting for 19.30％.94.54％of the respondents believe that purchasing folic acid will not increase their financial burden.The awareness rate of"folic acid can prevent neural tube defect"was related to education and residence,but had no correlation with age,family annual income,occupation and parity.The correct rate of folic acid consumption was cor-related with age,place of residence,education,family annual income and cognitive level,but not with occupation and parity.The majority of respondents obtained their knowledge about folic acid supplementation from medical personnel,followed by the Internet.Conclusion The knowledge of folic acid supplementation is not good in rural pregnant women in northern Shaanxi,and the proportion of pregnant women who can take folic acid continuously before pregnancy is still insufficient.While strengthening pre-pregnancy health education,health promotion should be strengthened to provide good policy and environmental support for pregnant women,so as to reduce the occurrence of neural tube defects and improve the quality of newborn population.
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