Objective To understand the prevalence and epidemiologic characteristics of neonatal imperforate anus in Hangzhou,2015-2022.Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was used to analyze the birth defects surveillance data of 792 031 pregnant women in Hangzhou,the chi-square and the trend chi-square tests were used to compare the differences in the incidence rates of imperforate anus in neonates born to pregnant women of different prenatal ages,different areas of resi-dence,and different years of delivery.Results A total of 138 confirmed cases of anal atresia in newborns were followed up,and the incidence of imperforate anus was 1.74 per 10000 births.The incidence of neonatal imperforate anus increased from 1.77 per 10000 in 2015 to 2.91 per 10000 in 2022,with a statistically significant difference between groups(x2trend=20.023,P=0.006).The incidence of neonatal imperforate anus in the main urban,suburban,and far suburban areas was 1.61/10000,1.80/10000 and 1.98/10000,respectively,with no statistically significant difference between groups in the urban areas(x2=0.657,P=0.720).The lowest incidence of neonatal imperforate anus was found in the maternal age group of 25-29 years(1.21/10000)and the highest in the group of ≥ 35 years(4.44/10000),and the risk factors for imperforate anus in the offspring of advanced maternal age were 2.89 times higher than those of younger pregnant women(OR=2.89,95% CI 1.87-4.46),the difference in the incidence of imperforate anus in newborns born to pregnant women between the different age groups was statistically significant(x2trend=30.255,P＜0.001).Conclusion The incidence of neonatal imperforate anus in Hangzhou is 1.74 per 10 000,and there is a rising trend year by year.The incidence of neonatal imperforate anus has nothing to do with the area of residence of the pregnant woman,but is related to the prenatal age of the pregnant woman;the older the maternal prenatal age is,the higher the incidence of neonatal imperforate anus is.
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