White matter injury(WMI)in preterm infants encompasses periventricular leukomalacia(PVL)and periventricular hemorrhagic infarction(PHI).PVL refers to ischemic necrosis in the periventricular white matter around the lateral ventricles,while PHI describes hemorrhagic brain injury progressing from hemorrhage to ischemia.With an in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis of WMI,the role of the gut microbiota is gaining attention.The gut microbiota,as a crucial communication media between the gut and the nervous system,has a bidirectional regulatory effect in the microbiota-gut-brain axis on the occurrence,development,and repair of white matter injury.However,the exact mechanisms remain unclear.This review aimed to summarize the research progress,providing new strategies for the prevention and treatment of WMI in pre-term infants.
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