Preterm birth is a highly valued obstetric complication and a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mor-tality.Macrophages are one of the immune cells in the maternal fetal interface and play a crucial role in normal human preg-nancy.In recent years,multiple studies have found that the phenotype transition and functional abnormalities of macrophages may be related to premature birth.Reversing the phenotype transition of macrophages is believed to help prevent and treat premature birth.Therefore,this article provides a review of the research progress of macrophages in preterm birth.