Neonatal asphyxia(NA)is one of the major causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality,which is a major public health problem that has attracted the attention of many countries and regions around the globe.The incidence of NA varies according to the regions,and there is a significant difference in incidence between developed countries and developing countries in existing reports.Many of the risk factors of NA are modifiable and intervenable.Although with the progress of basic research and clinical technology in recent years,the incidence of NA has been decreasing,there are still great challenges in the neurological sequelae of asphyxiated newborns.Against this background,this paper will systematically review the risk factors for NA from the perspective of socio-demographic characteristics,prenatal factors,intrapartum factors,and fetal fac-tors,as well as their early predictors and main prognostic outcomes,taking into account domestic and international studies.
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