Objective:In order to understand the differences among Laian Malus asiatica varieties,and select an effective quality evaluation index system.Methods:Various physical and chemical indices of Laian M.asiatica fruit were determined by measuring different varieties,different maturity and differ-ent growth environments(hillside land,field flat land).Correlation and principal components analyses were performed between indices,and cluster analysis was used to analyze the differences between vari-eties.Results:The fruit of Laian M.asiatica was flattened and spherical,with a fruit shape index of about 0.83,while the Malus spectabilis fruit was elongated and conical,with a fruit shape index of about 1.03.There was a significant difference between them(P≤0.05).M.asiatica and M.spectabilis grown on hillside land had higher fruit hardness.The total sugar,total acid and total phenols contents of Laian M.asiatica fruits grown on flat land were lower than those grown on hillside land,indicating that hillside planting was more conducive to nutrient accumulation in fruits.Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant(P≤0.05)or extremely significant(P≤0.01)correlation between the fruit quality indices.Principal component analysis extracted four principal components from mature fruit indexes,with a cumulative contribution rate of 94.31% .The results showed that the ascorbic acid content,total sugar content,fruit shape indices,and fruit hardness were closely related to the quality of Laian M.asiatica fruit.The clustering analysis results showed that HH-2,HH-3 and HH-5 could be distinguished when the Euclidean distance was 2.5,confirming the influence of growth environment on fruit quality.At a European distance of 15,five types of Laian M.asiatica fruit and two types of M.spectabilis fruits could be classified into three categories,which was consistent with the results of phys-ical and chemical analysis.Conclusion:The results indicated that the combination of multiple index correlations,principal component analysis and cluster analysis could be used to distinguish the quality differences among different phenotypes of M.asiatica fruits.This could also serve as a basis for subse-quent quality evaluation and variety identification of M.asiatica fruit.
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万方数据
