Objective To explore the relationship between peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets,interleukin-6(IL-6)levels,and prognosis in patients with viral pneumonia.Methods A total of 100 patients with viral pneumonia admitted to the Emergency Department of the Chuiyangliu Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua University from December 2021 to November 2023 were selected and divided into a survival group and a death group.20 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations during the same period were selected as the control group.General information of the patients was collected,and peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and related cytokine IL-6 were detected.Differences in peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and IL-6 levels among different groups were analyzed,And multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of viral pneumonia disease and death.Results The proportion of death group with diabetes was significantly higher than that of survival group(P＜0.05).The mortality of patients with diabetes was higher than that of patients without diabetes[60.7％(17/28)vs 12.5％(9/72),P＜0.05].The total number of peripheral blood T lymphocytes,helper/inducible T lymphocytes(Th),CD4+/CD8+ratio,B lymphocyte count,and natural killer(NK)cells in patients with viral pneumonia were significantly lower than those in the healthy control group(all P＜0.05),and the level of IL-6 was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group(P＜0.05);The total number of peripheral blood T lymphocytes,Th cells,CD4+/CD8+ratio,B lymphocyte count,and NK cells in the death group were significantly lower than those in the survival group(all P＜0.05),and the level of IL-6 was significantly higher than that in the survival group(P＜0.05).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that T lymphocyte subsets and IL-6 were all influencing factors for the disease and death of viral pneumonia(all P＜0.05).Conclusions The mortality of viral pneumonia patients with diabetes increased;The absolute number of lymphocyte subsets decreases and the level of IL6 increases in patients with viral pneumonia;The difference in changes between the death group and the survival group is more significant;Early detection of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and IL6 levels is beneficial for evaluating the prognosis of patients with viral pneumonia and has certain guiding value for clinical practice.
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