Objective To analyze the changes in the retinal and choroidal microvascular structures in the macular region of patients with acute central serous chorioretinopathy(CSC),as well as the influencing factors of subretinal fluid(SRF)volume.Methods A prospective selection of 37 patients with monocular acute CSC diagnosed by ophthalmology examination at the Xi'an First Hospital from January to October 2023 was conducted.The affected eye group was Group A,and the contralateral eye was Group B.The right eye of 30 age and gender matched normal individuals during the same period was selected as the normal eye group(group C).The scanning frequency source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCTA)was used to scan the macular area of the tested eye within a range of 6 mm × 6 mm.We analyzed and recorded the vascular density(VD),perfusion area(PA),retinal thickness(RT),choroidal thickness(CT),as well as choroidal vascular volume(CVV)and choroidal vascular index(CVI)of the superficial and deep retinal capillary plexus(SCP)and deep retinal capillary plexus(DCP)in the macular area of 0-1 mm,0-3 mm,and 0-6 mm using our own software.At the same time,we recorded the volume of SRF in the affected eye group.We compared the changes in VD,PA,RT,CT,CVV,and CVI among three groups.The Spearman rank correlation test was used to analyze the correlation between SRF volume and microvascular structural parameters.Results(1)There was no statistically significant difference in VD and PA of SCP between the affected eye group and the contralateral eye group within the range of 0-6 mm in the macular area(all P＞0.05);The VD and PA of SCP in the affected eye group and the contralateral eye group were lower than those in the normal eye group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05);The VD and PA of DCP in the affected eye group were lower than those in the contralateral eye group,and the difference was statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Within the range of 0-3 mm in the macular area,the VD and PA of DCP in the affected eye group and the contralateral eye group were lower than those in the normal eye group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The RT of the affected eye group was higher than that of the contralateral eye group,and the RT of the contralateral eye group was higher than that of the normal eye group,with statistical significance(all P＜0.05).(2)Within the range of 0-6 mm in the macular area,the CT of the affected eye group was higher than that of the contralateral eye group,and the CT of the contralateral eye group was higher than that of the normal eye group,with statistical significance(all P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the CVV and CVI of the choroidal vessels between the affected eye group and the contralateral eye group(all P＞0.05);The CVV and CVI of the choroidal vessels in the affected eye group and the contralateral eye group were higher than those in the normal eye group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).(3)The volume of SRF is negatively correlated with the VD of DCP within the range of 0-3 mm in the macular area(P＜0.05),and positively correlated with CT within the range of 0-6 mm(P＜0.05).Conclusions Acute CSC is a binocular choroidal disease,and choroidal thickening is mainly due to the thickening of the large and medium vascular layers;Acute CSC can cause a decrease in superficial and deep retinal blood flow density in the macular region;The volume of SRF is negatively correlated with the VD of DCP and positively correlated with CT.
Central serous chorioretinopathySubretinal fluidChoroidal vascular indexMicrovascular density
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