Since the publication of the article"Shuo de"(说"的")by Zhu Dexi(朱德熙),studies of de(的)have long been a focus in the field of Chinese grammar.The paper claims that de,and de2 cannot be completely divided.Both have been derived from the same de(地)in Middle Chinese where most attributes can function as an adverbial.Whether de1 occurs in adverbial-head construction or not is determined by the integration degree of the modifier and the head.Adverbial-head constructions without de1 and"X+de1"constructions can both be taken as nonce words.As an affix in nature,de1 functions syntactically as an adverbial marker.Its pragmatic function is for cognitive grounding which identifies the head by profiling the adverbial.