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上古汉语否定词"莫"研究的若干议题

Issues concerning the negative mo(莫)in Archaic Chinese

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成分排序、代词格位、对句末助词的选择、指代链等证据显示"莫"既不做主语也不是代词,上古汉语中"莫"有副词、动词两种属性.就历史来源而言,"莫"不是"无或""无攸"的合音,也不是"无"加后缀-k形成的.虽然语源难以追溯,但是可以肯定"莫VP"脱胎于存在结构.在语义上,"莫"多数时候有全称含义,但是不体现明显的分配性.
The negative mo(莫)in Archaic Chinese has been widely claimed as an adverb or a verb in previous studies.Diachronically speaking,mo is neither the fusion of wu(无)you(攸)/wu(无)huo(或),nor the suffixation of wu by adding-k.Though difficult to trace back the original form of mo,it can be assured that mo+VP originally indicated an existential meaning.This may explain why mo can express universal quantification without any distributive meaning.

mo(莫)pronounadverbverbexistential structureuniversal quantifier

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天津 南开大学文学院

"莫" 代词 副词 动词 存在结构 全称含义

2024

中国语文
中国社会科学院语言研究所

中国语文

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.617
ISSN:0578-1949
年,卷(期):2024.(4)
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