Objective Oligoasthenospermia(OA)is a prevalent cause of male infertility,significantly impairing fertility and life quality.The traditional Chinese medicine formula,Wuzi Yanzong Pill,has demonstrated promising efficacy in treating this condition.This article explores the clinical efficacy and mechanism of action of Wuzhi Yanzong Pill in the treatment of oligoasthenozoospermia.Methods This article reviews the latest research progress on the treatment of oligoasthenozoospermia with Wuzhi Yanzong Pill in the past three years,encompassing its clinical effectiveness,mechanisms of action,and pharmacological investigations.Result Studies have shown that Wuzi Yanzong Pill enhances sperm quality and quantity through various targets and pathways.It is primarily achieved by reducing oxidative stress and cellular apoptosis,regulating endocrine functions,protecting the blood-testis barrier,and boosting mitochondrial function.Additionally,the pill is found to influence gut microbiota and affect gene expression.Clinical research supports the therapeutic benefits of Wuzi Yanzong Pill in individuals with oligoasthenospermia and examines its synergistic use with other treatments.Conclusion Wuzhi Yanzong Pill has shown good clinical efficacy in the treatment of oligoasthenozoospermia.However,more comprehensive research is needed to fully understand its mechanisms and refine its clinical application strategies.