Effects of dexamethasone combined with bortezomib and cyclophosphamide in the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma and the impacts on serum IL-17 and TGF-β levels
Objective To investigate the effects of dexamethasone combined with bortezomib(Vel)+cyclophosphamide(CTX)in the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma and the impacts on serum interleukin-17(IL-17),transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)and immune cells,aiming to provide effective reference for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with multiple myeloma in clinical practice.Methods A total of 95 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who were admitted to the Longyou County's People's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2023 were enrolled in this study.According to different treatment motheds,all the patients were divided into a control group(47 cases)and an observation group(48 cases).The patients in the control group were treated with bortezomib(Vel)+cyclophosphamide(CTX),while the patients in the observation group were treated dexamethasone on the basis of the same treatment as the control group.The clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated,and inflammatory factors levels of IL-17,TGF-β,and C-reactive protein(CRP)were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The immune cells levels of CD3+CD4+,CD3+CD8+,and the ratio of CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+were employed by flow cytometry.The differences in various indicators between the two groups before and after treatment,as well as the safety of medication,were compared.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 46/48(96％)compared with 38/47(81％)of the control group,showing a statistically significant difference(x2=5.206,P＜0.05).Before treatment,there were no significant differences in IL-17,TGF-β,and CRP levels between the two groups(P＞0.05).After treatment,all three indicators decreased(P＜0.05),and the levels of IL-17,TGF-β,and CRP in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).After treatment,the levels of CD3+CD4+and CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,while the level of CD3+CD8+was lower than that in the control group,showing a statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).According to a follow-up survey on adverse reactions during treatment,the total incidence rate in the observation group(21％)was slightly higher than that in the control group(15％),but the difference was not statistically significant(x2=0.570,P＞0.05).Conclusion Dexamethasone combined with Vel+CTX is effective in the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.The combined treatment can not only reduce inflammatory response but also improve the levels of immune cells.
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